Treatment

The need for treatment of an abnormal pap smear will be determined by the colposcopy results. 

If the dysplasia is mild, no treatment may be needed.  However, Pap smears will need to be performed more frequently and continued follow-up is very important.

If treatment is need a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is performed.  LEEP is used to remove the dysplasia from your cervix. 

The LEEP Procedure

Abnormal cells can be removed with LEEP. This allows new healthy cells to grow. LEEP is just one way to treat dysplasia.  Dysplasia also can be treated with other procedures such as cryosurgery, electrocautery, laser, or cone biopsy. The decision of which method to use depends on how much cervical tissue needs to be removed and where on the cervix the abnormal cells are located.

LEEP uses a thin wire loop that acts like a scalpel (surgical knife). An electric current is passed through the loop, which cuts away a thin layer of the surface cells.

The doctor will insert a speculum into your vagina in the same way as for a pelvic exam. The loop is inserted through the vagina to the cervix. Different sizes and shapes of loops can be used.

The procedure should be done when you're not having your menstrual period. This allows a better view of the cervix.  It should take only a few minutes.

During the procedure you will lie on your back and place your legs in stirrups. The doctor then will insert a speculum into your vagina in the same way as for a pelvic exam.

A solution is applied to your cervix to show the abnormal cells. Colposcopy will be used to magnify the cervix during the surgery.

Your cervix will be numbed with local anesthesia. It is given through a needle attached to a syringe. You will remain awake during the procedure. You may feel a dull ache or cramp.

The loop is inserted through the vagina to the cervix. There are different sizes and shapes of loops that can be used. After the procedure, a special paste may be applied to your cervix to stop any bleeding. The tissue that is removed will be studied in a lab to confirm the diagnosis.

Recovery

It may take a few weeks for your cervix to heal. While your cervix heals, you may have:

• Vaginal bleeding (less than a normal menstrual flow)
• Mild cramping
• A brownish-black discharge (from the paste used)

For a few weeks after the procedure, you should not have sex or use tampons or douches. If you have any discomfort, your doctor may prescribe pain relief.

© 2007 Women Partners in OB-GYN